| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
|
| Year : 2020 | Volume
: 27
| Issue : 1 | Page : 28-33 |
|
|
Ocular alterations associated with primary congenital heart disease – A cross-sectional study
Manuel A P. Vilela1, Carina G Colossi2, Henrique P Freitas2, Giulia Del Valle3, Lúcia C3
1 Post-Graduation Department, Ivo Correa-Meyer Institute of Ophthalmology, Porto Alegre and Institute of Cardiology - Hospital De Viamão; Medical School, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
2 Post-Graduation Department, Ivo Correa-Meyer Institute of Ophthalmology, Porto Alegre and Institute of Cardiology - Hospital De Viamão, Viamão, RS, Brazil
3 Medical School, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Correspondence Address:
Prof. Manuel A P. Vilela
Avenida Cristovão Colombo 2948/308-9. Porto Alegre, RS
Brazil
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/meajo.MEAJO_89_19
|
|
|
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to asses ocular findings' prevalence in children with primary congenital heart disease (CHD).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a prospective cross-sectional study of children with CHD treated at a specialized center in the South of Brazil between 2013 and 2015. They underwent a complete ocular examination, including measurement of visual acuity, refraction test, external motility, anterior and posterior biomicroscopy, and binocular indirect fundoscopy with retinal photographs. Two experienced examiners independently assessed fundus findings: one at the time of examination and image capture, while the other assessed only the captured images.
RESULTS: Of a total of 146 children examined, 124 were included in this analysis (16% loss). Seventy children were male (55.5%). The average age was 9.3 years (minimum 1 month and maximum 15 years). Caucasians race were 81.2%, African Descendants race were 11.1%, and others were 7.7%. About 57.1% had already had heart surgery. About 14.8% had visual acuity below 0.6 and 2.8% below 0.1. Strabismus was found in 7.4% and cataracts in 1.7%. Retinal alterations were recognized in 13.5%, of which 4.8% were related to vascular narrowing or dilation and/or abnormal arteriovenous crossing; 7.14% were related to increased vascular tortuosity, while 1.6% were related to active toxoplasmic chorioretinitis lesions. Concomitant abnormalities in ocular motility, biomicroscopy, or ophthalmoscopy were detected in 24% of the cases.
CONCLUSION: Children under the age of 15 years old with primary CHD have a high prevalence of ocular alterations, with external ocular and retinal manifestations, with higher occurrence rate among cyanotic cases. This leads us to strongly recommend the performance of a complete ophthalmological examination in such cases.
|
|
|
|
| [FULL TEXT] [PDF]* |
|
 |
|
